F: Ich suche nach einem Code, der prüft, ob bestimmte Entities von der Kamera aus gesehen werden können.
A: Hier ist ein Beispiel.
var object_id = -1;
var visible_objects[100]; // displays up to 100 visible objects
var total_visible;
action visible_or_not() // attach this action to all the object that need to be tracked
{
// put the rest of your code here
// ..............................
VECTOR my_pos[3];
object_id += 1;
my.skill99 = object_id; // don't use skill99 for something else
while (1)
{
// put the rest of your code here
// ..............................
vec_set(my_pos.x, my.x);
if (vec_to_screen(my_pos.x, camera)) // if this entity is visible on the screen
{
visible_objects[my.skill99] = 1;
}
else // the entity isn't visible on the screen
{
visible_objects[my.skill99] = 0;
}
wait (1);
}
}
function total_startup()
{
var i;
while (1)
{
total_visible = 0;
for(i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
total_visible += visible_objects[i];
}
wait (1);
}
}
PANEL* entities_pan =
{
layer = 15;
digits(20, 20, 3, *, 1, total_visible);
flags = visible;
}
F: Wie kann ich am einfachsten ein einfaches System für mehrere Leben implementieren? Es sollte mit drei Leben starten und jedes Mal wenn die Gesundheit des Spielers auf 0 sinkt, soll ein Leben verloren gehen und das Level neu starten. Falls keine Leben mehr übrig sind, soll ein Game Over Panel angezeigt werden.
A: Bitte sehr.
PANEL* gameover_pan =
{
layer = 15;
pos_x = 300;
pos_y = 200;
bmap = "gameover.pcx";
}
action player_destroyer() // kills the player if the player comes too close
{
set(my, PASSABLE);
while (1)
{
if (player) // the player exists?
{
if (vec_dist(player.x, my.x) < 100) // the player has come close to the destroyer object?
{
player.skill99 -= 5 * time_step; // then decrease player's health
}
}
wait (1);
}
}
function players_action()
{
VECTOR temp;
var movement_speed = 10; // movement speed
set (my, INVISIBLE); // 1st person player
my.skill99 = 100; // player's skill99 stores its health
while (my.skill99 > 0)
{
my.pan -= 7 * mouse_force.x * time_step;
camera.x = my.x;
camera.y = my.y;
camera.z = my.z + 50 + 1.1 * sin(my.skill44); // play with 50 and 1.1
camera.pan = my.pan;
camera.tilt += 5 * mouse_force.y * time_step;
vec_set (temp.x, my.x); // trace 10,000 quants below the player
temp.z -= 10000;
temp.z = -c_trace (my.x, temp.x, IGNORE_ME | IGNORE_PASSABLE | USE_BOX) - 2; // play with 2
temp.x = movement_speed * (key_w - key_s) * time_step;
temp.y = movement_speed * (key_a - key_d) * 0.6 * time_step;
c_move (my, temp.x, nullvector, IGNORE_PASSABLE | GLIDE);
wait (1);
}
player = NULL;
wait (1);
ent_remove(my); // remove the player if it is dead
}
function init_startup()
{
wait (-1); // wait until the level is loaded
player = ent_create("guard.mdl", vector (10, 10, 70), players_action); // first life
while (player) {wait (1);} // wait until the player disappears from the level
wait (3);
player = ent_create("guard.mdl", vector (10, 10, 70), players_action); // create it again (that's the second life)
while (player) {wait (1);} // wait until the player disappears from the level
wait (3);
player = ent_create("guard.mdl", vector (10, 10, 70), players_action); // create it again (that's the third life)
wait (3);
while (player) {wait (1);} // wait until the player disappears from the level
// the game is over here, so let's display the "Game Over" panel
set(gameover_pan, VISIBLE);
while (key_any) {wait (1);} // wait until the keys are released
while (!key_any) {wait (1);} // wait until any key is pressed
sys_exit(NULL); // and now let's shut down the engine
}
F: Ich möchte für Debugging Zwecke mehrere Parameter meiner Entities anzeigen. Gibt es einen einfachen Weg, das zu tun?
A: Hier ist ein Beispiel.
BMAP* pointer_tga = "pointer.tga";
function mouse_startup()
{
mouse_mode = 2;
mouse_map = pointer_tga;
while (1)
{
vec_set(mouse_pos, mouse_cursor);
wait(1);
}
}
function debug_startup()
{
while (1)
{
if(mouse_ent) // the mouse touches an entity?
watched = mouse_ent; // then display information about that entity!
wait (1);
}
}
F: Wie kann man in lite-C springen? Der Charakter soll dazu nur in der Lage sein, wenn er auf dem Boden steht.
A: Hier ist eine verbesserte Version meines Codes aus dem AUM 52 Workshop.
action player_code()
{
VECTOR temp[3];
VECTOR movement_speed[3]; // player's movement speed
var anim_percentage; // animation percentage
var jump_percentage; // animation percentage for jumping
var distance_to_ground; // the distance between player's origin and the ground
var jump_height;
var reached_height;
player = my; // I'm the player
while (1)
{
my.pan += 6 * (key_a - key_d) * time_step; // rotate the player using the "A" and "D" keys
vec_set (temp.x, my.x); // copy player's position to temp
temp.z -= 10000; // set temp.z 10000 quants below player's origin
distance_to_ground = c_trace (my.x, temp.x, IGNORE_ME | USE_BOX);
movement_speed.x = 5 * (key_w - key_s) * time_step; // move the player using "W" and "S"
movement_speed.y = 0; // don't move sideways
if (key_space && !reached_height)
{
jump_height = minv(40, jump_height + 5 * time_step); // 40 sets the height, 5 sets the ascending speed
if (jump_height == 40) // reached the maximum height? Then start descending!
{
reached_height = 1;
jump_height = maxv(0, jump_height - 5 * time_step); // 5 sets the falling speed
}
}
else // space isn't pressed anymore?
{
jump_height = maxv(0, jump_height - 3 * time_step); // use a smaller falling speed (3) for smaller jumps
if (!jump_height && !key_space) // the player has touched the ground?
{
reached_height = 0; // then allow it to jump again
}
}
movement_speed.z = -(distance_to_ground - 17) + jump_height; // 17 = experimental value
movement_speed.z = maxv(-35 * time_step, movement_speed.z); // 35 = falling speed
c_move (my, movement_speed.x, nullvector, GLIDE); // move the player
if (!jump_height) // the player isn't jumping?
{
if (!key_w && !key_s) // the player isn't moving?
{
ent_animate(my, "stand", anim_percentage, ANM_CYCLE); // play the "stand" animation
}
else // the player is moving?
{
ent_animate(my, "walk", anim_percentage, ANM_CYCLE); // play the "walk" animation
}
anim_percentage += 5 * time_step; // 5 = animation speed
jump_percentage = 0; // always start jumping with the first frame
}
else // the player is jumping
{
jump_percentage += 5 * time_step; // 5 = jump animation speed
ent_animate(my, "jump", jump_percentage, ANM_CYCLE); // play the "jump" animation
}
// camera code
camera.x = player.x - 250 * cos(player.pan);
camera.y = player.y - 250 * sin(player.pan); // use the same value (250) here
camera.z = player.z + 150; // place the camera above the player, play with this value
camera.tilt = -20; // look down at the player
camera.pan = player.pan;
wait (1);
}
}
F: Wie erstelle ich eine überzeugende Sirene, die ich meinen Polizeiwagen geben kann?
A: Versuchen Sie verschiedene Effekte und den folgenden Code.
SOUND* siren_wav = "siren.wav";
action police_car()
{
// put the rest of your car code in here
// .....................................
var police_handle;
var freq_range;
var speed = 30; // sets the speed of the sound effect
police_handle = ent_playloop (my, siren_wav, 400);
while (1)
{
// freq_range ranges from 30 to 370% (play with 200 and 190)
freq_range = 200 - 170 * sin(total_ticks * speed);
snd_tune (police_handle, 0, freq_range, 0); // change the frequency from 10% to 300%
wait (1);
// put the rest of your car code in here
// .....................................
}
}
F: Wie kann man die Reichweite eines dynamischen Lichtes mit dem Mausrad regulieren?
A: Bewegen Sie die Maus über die Glühbirnenentity und bewegen Sie das Rad.
BMAP* pointer_tga = "pointer.tga";
function mouse_startup()
{
mouse_mode = 2;
mouse_map = pointer_tga;
while (1)
{
vec_set(mouse_pos, mouse_cursor);
wait(1);
}
}
function adjust_light()
{
while (event_type != EVENT_RELEASE)
{
my.lightrange += 0.5 * mickey.z * time_step;
my.lightrange = clamp(my.lightrange, 0, 1000); // limit the light range to 0...1000
wait (1);
}
}
action light_bulb() // attach this action to all the light bulbs
{
vec_set(my.blue, vector(255, 255, 255)); // generate white light
my.lightrange = 300; // default light range value
my.emask |= (ENABLE_TOUCH | EVENT_RELEASE);
my.event = adjust_light;
}
F: Ich habe unsichtbare Blöcke im Level, aber der Spieler ignoriert diese einfach. Woran liegt das?
A: Ein Spieler, der sich mit c_move bewegt, ignoriert unsichtbare Blöcke, nicht aber unsichtbare Entities. Platzieren Sie einen Block in einem leeren Level, speichern Sie diesen als WMB Entity und stellen Sie diese ins Level, wobei Sie "invisible" markieren. Der Spieler wird diese nicht passieren können.
F: Ich möchte einen Avatar des Spielers auf dem Bildschirm anzeigen und sein Gesicht beim Kampf filmen. Ist das möglich?
A: Erstellen Sie ein TGA Bitmap, das einen Ausschnitt von der Größe der Avatarkamera hat und verwenden Sie den Code unten.
VIEW* avatar_cam =
{
pos_x = 120;
pos_y = 48;
size_x = 158;
size_y = 119;
layer = 10;
flags = VISIBLE;
}
PANEL* hud_pan =
{
layer = 5;
pos_x = 0;
pos_y = 0;
bmap = "hud.tga";
flags = VISIBLE;
}
function avatarcam_startup()
{
while (!player) {wait (1);}
while (1)
{
vec_set (avatar_cam.x, vector (20, 0, 35)); // play with these values
vec_rotate (avatar_cam.x, player.pan);
vec_add (avatar_cam.x, player.x);
avatar_cam.pan = player.pan + 180; // make avatar_cam look at the player
wait (1);
}
}
F: Ich brauche ein Panel, das mir zeigt, wieviel Gesundheit ich habe. Mir schwebt etwas vor wie bei Zelda.
A: Bitte sehr.
BMAP* hearts_tga = "hearts.tga"; // that's a stripe that contains 5 small hearts
BMAP* bigheart_tga = "bigheart.tga"; // that's the big heart that appears over the stripe
PANEL* hearts_pan =
{
layer = 15;
pos_x = 0;
pos_y = 20;
bmap = hearts_tga;
flags = visible;
}
PANEL* bigheart_pan =
{
layer = 25; // this panel appear above one of the other panels
pos_x = 200;
pos_y = 15;
bmap = bigheart_tga;
flags = visible;
}
function health_startup()
{
while (!player) {wait (1);} // wait until the player is loaded in the level
player.skill10 = 100;
while (1)
{
if (player.skill10 > 90) // player's health is stored inside its skill10 in this example
bigheart_pan.pos_x = 200;
if ((player.skill10 > 70) && (player.skill10 <= 90))
bigheart_pan.pos_x = 150;
if ((player.skill10 > 50) && (player.skill10 <= 70))
bigheart_pan.pos_x = 100;
if ((player.skill10 > 30) && (player.skill10 <= 50))
bigheart_pan.pos_x = 100;
if ((player.skill10 > 10) && (player.skill10 <= 30))
bigheart_pan.pos_x = 50;
if ((player.skill10 <= 10))
bigheart_pan.pos_x = 0;
wait (1);
}
}
F: Wenn ich ein Model im Level platziere und das Polygon Flag anwähle, funktioniert die Kollision wie erwartet. Erstelle ich das gleiche Model mit ent_create und setze dann das Polygon Flag, ändert sich die Bounding Box nicht mit. Wie ändere ich das?
A: Sie brauchen die Anweisung c_setminmax(my), wenn Sie die Bounding Box nachträglich ändern wollen.
function guards_function()
{
c_setminmax(my);
// put the rest of your code here
// ..............................
}
function create_startup()
{
wait (-3); // wait until the level is loaded
ent_create("guard.mdl", vector(100, 100, 50), guards_function);
}
